However development community and policy makers have widely used this phrase “Rural development” or Village Development”, what represents rural development seems to have modified significantly overtimes.
During the last three decades the concept of village development has been changed. Until 70’s it was sense with agricultural development and hence aimed on increasing agricultural production. This target seems to have been driven mainly by the interest of industrialization to get surpluses from the agriculture sector to support industralization.
Objectives of Rural development
The main objectives of rural development are;
- To enhance the standard of living by offering food, shelter, education, employment and clothing.
- To eradicate poverty and increase productivity in villages.
- To involve people in the development and planning through their participation in resolution making.
- To ensure distributive justice
Strategies in village development
A strategy includes of ordering various policy parameters to get the desired goals. Various strategies stresses and give important to various mixes of state policies, agrarian relation, techniques of production to attain the aims of village development. To explain some of the problems that are relevant, there are various types of strategies;
- Collectivization of resources
- Peasant agrarian perspective
- Capitalist perspective
- Strategy on Laissez – Faire
The common concerns of village development are as follows;
- Agricultural research, rural education and training sessions for farmers form a part of the institution building project.
- Infrastructure building activity which is related to the growth of health facilities, transport communication and irrigation.
- Trainings to improve marketing facilities for the supplementing of agricultural implements and inputs.
- Policies related to agricultural taxation, output, prices and land tenure.
The agricultural sector can be grouped as uni – modal and bi – modal strategies. The uni- modal is one in which the land holdings are distributed evenly. This is followed in countries like Korea, Japan, etc. and the bi – modal tries to increase agricultural production and this strategy is followed in various countries in Latin America.
